The present study is done on fast dissolving tablets of the almotriptan. Almotriptan is used to treat to severe migraine. The major problem in oral drug formulation is less bioavailability which mainly results from poor aqueous solubility. The idea of formulating fast disintegrating tablets by super disintegrates offers a suitable practical approach for faster dissolving and dissolution characteristics. Among the various methods of preparations fast dissolving tablets were prepared by using super disintegrates like croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate by direct compression. The prepared almotriptan tablets were evaluated for free compression parameters like angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, carr’s index and post compression parameters like hardness, friability and weight variation, drug content uniformity, disintegration time and In-vitro dissolution studies. Among various fast dissolving tablets of Almotriptan, F9 formulation shows maximum drug release of 30min (100.3%).

The use of medicinal plants as traditional medicine to fight against diseases were in practice since ancient time. Medicinal plants are better choice for the treatment of various diseases including helminthic infections due to the increasing cost, side effects and multidrug resistance of modern anthelmintic drugs. Artocarpus altilis (family, Moraceae) has been empirically used by the people of Indonesia as traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The present study was aimed to scientifically evaluate the anthelmintic potency of A. altilis leaf and fruit extracts. Ethanol and water extracts of A. altilis leaves and fruits were prepared by cold maceration method. The anthelmintic activity of A. altilis was assessed against the earth worms, Pheretima posthuma. The time taken to paralyze and kill the earthworms were recorded. All the results were compared with the standard drug, piperazine citrate. Ethanol extract of leaves and fruits of A. altilis exhibited higher in vitro anthelmintic activity in dose-dependent manner. The findings of this study scientifically justify the anthelmintic activity of A. altilis to eradicate nematodes from intestines.

The present study evaluated in vitro antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of aqueous extracts from Antocleista schweinfurthii. Polyphenols content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using ABTS and β-carotene assays. Cytotoxicity was investigated by the MTT method while genotoxicity was ascertained using the Salmonella typhimurium test strains TA98 and TA100. Standard methods were used for phytochemical screening. The aqueous extract of the bark is rich in total polyphenols of 985±32 mg EAA/g of dry weight. Aqueous extract of Anthcleista schweinfurthii barks had a high antiradical activity with IC_(50 )of 153±3µg/mL and high reducing activity with IC_(50 )of 2.3±0.12 µg/mL. Toxicity study indicated that all extracts are cytotoxic and non genotoxic. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids in both extracts. Lack relatively toxicity suggest that this plant is probably safe for use, however futher studies are needed for longer.

Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly among children under 5 years and pregnant women especially in Africa. In this cross-sectional study of 100 children, consisting 65 male and 35 female, aged 0-15 years were enrolled. Thick blood films were prepared from a finger prick of each of the patients, stained and examined for malaria parasite using a microscope. The overall prevalence rate of the malaria parasite infection was 57.0%. The prevalence rate of 60.0% and 51.4% were obtained among male and female subjects respectively. The infection was found to be most prevalent among 0-5 years (71.4%), while 6-10 years and 11-15 years have 37.5% and 23.1% respectively. In relation to the educational status of the mothers, the prevalence rate of the infection was lower (40.0%) among children whom mothers were educated up to tertiary levels compared to mothers who had only primary, secondary and non-formal education 75.0%, 63.0% and 62.0% respectively. Therefore, government should control the vector and provide Insecticide treated nets to protect children from mosquito bite.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is commonly defined as glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy. Diagnostic criteria for GDM have changed over the decades. Perinatal and postpartum complications associated with GDM include preterm delivery, shoulder dystocia, stillbirths, clinical neonatal hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, cesarean deliveries, obesity and cardiovascular disease in the mothers. Management strategies increasingly emphasize optimal management of fetal growth and weight. Monitoring of glucose and fetal weight through ultrasound combined with maternal weight management, medical nutritional therapy, physical activity, and pharmacotherapy can decrease co morbidities associated with GDM. Consensus is lacking on ideal glucose targets, degree of caloric restriction and content, algorithms for pharmacotherapy, and in particular, the use of oral medications and insulin analogs in lieu of human insulin. Postpartum glucose screening and initiation of healthy lifestyle behaviors, including exercise, adequate fruit and vegetable intake, breastfeeding, and contraception, are encouraged to decrease rates of future glucose intolerance in mothers and off spring.