Artocarpus hirsutus (wild jack) endogenous to Kerala has wide medicinal values which are well documented in the third volume of Hortus Malabaricus, the oldest comprehensive printed book on the natural plant wealth of Asia. The decoction of roots and bark are supposed to cure diarrhea. The leaves when used with white camphor and root of curcuma are believed to treat venereal bubones and chronic hemorrhage respectively. The juice from the cooked unripe fruits are believed to induce appetite and also when applied to the anus relieve the pains of hemorrhage. The ethanol extract of Artocarpus hirsutus lam was screened for its anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. Ear edema was induced by topical application of 0.02ml croton oil was done. After formation of edema, the test drug prepared with irritant solution in different concentrations (1%, 3% and 5%) topically applied in the ear. The tests compared with standard are dexamethasone. From the results, it may be concluded that tender leaves of Artocarpus hirsutus lam possess significant anti-inflammatory activity. The activity may be due to the presence of flavanoids, saponin and coumarin glycosides, and terpenoids.

This paper focuses on the fluorescent properties of quercetin. Quercetin is an important flavonoid of dietary and pharmacological significance. There are certain factors that affect the fluorescent intensity. Some of them increase the fluorescence, while others causes quenching effect. The fluorescent property of quercetin makes it a versatile flavonoid of analytical and biological importance.

Snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP) is abundant in snake venom toxins and plays a vital role in snake venom envenomation, including hemorrhagic, fibrigenolytic, and myotoxic effects in the victims. SVMP is regulated by metal ions (Zn 2+ and Ca 2+ ) and plays a critical role in many catalytic mechanisms and structural properties. In this study, SVMP was modeled with Zn 2+ and Ca 2+ ions. Molecular docking, prime/MM-GBSA (DGBind calculations), quantum polarized ligand docking (QPLD), quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical interaction energy analysis, and molecular dynamics simulation were performed for the compounds SID 249494133, SID 249494134, and SID 249494135 with SVMP in the presence and absence of metal ions (Zn 2+ and Ca 2+ ). The results show that these compounds interact greatly with HIS138, GLU139, HIS142, and HIS148, owing to the presence of ions in the protein. The ions induce conformational changes and atomistic movements in the SVMP protein. Zn 2+ and Ca 2+ ions performed cuticle functions in the ligand binding of the SVMP protein.

Three purified proteins G-I, G-II and G-III were obtained from Bacillus sp using the techniques of DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow Chromatography, filtration chromatography. Anion exchange chromatography molecular determination by SDS page gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The purity of G-I, G-II, and G-III was measured by DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow Chromatography. G-I, G-II and G-III were measured by SDS-PAGE to have molecular weights of 14.4 k Da and 94.4 k Da, and three bands appear in the molecular weights of 46 k Da band 35 k Da and 32 k Da band respectively. The amino acid analysis of purified compound G-III was determined because the greater antimicrobial activity of G-III compound. The amino acid analysis using the technique of automatic amino acid analyzer (Shimatzu-High-performance liquid chromatography LC 4A) 20 µl of the purified sample was injected into the single column and analyzed using sodium buffer system. G-I, G-II, and G-III inhibited the clinical pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. By antimicrobial activity of Agar well diffusion assay. Test the clinical pathogens shoe the greater activity of G-III and Zone of inhibition various concentration of (25 µl, 50 µl, 75 µl, 100 µl). G-III shows the maximum results of 18 mm and 15 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Moringa oleifera is well known medicinal plant. Its different parts are widely used for the treatment of different types of diseases since is have antibacterial and antifungal activity. The leaves are rich in iron, rhamnose and a unique group of compounds called glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. Other medical proprieties include antipyretic, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerative, antihypertensive, cholesterol lowering, antioxidant, anti diabetic. The current investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antifungal activities by petroleum ether and ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves against Candida albicans and Aspergillus Niger. From our study, it is found that as concentration of Moringa leaves extract increases the diameter of zone of inhibition found increased. The results were higher and effective for ethanolic extract than petroleum extract. The result were also found more effective against Aspergillus Niger than Candida albicans.